Analyzing Messages Paper

Analyzing Messages Paper Tony Aron COMM 470 November 22, 2010 Brookie A. Allphin Ph. D. Analyzing Messages Paper The skill to create, send and receive messages requires responsiveness and dialogue by both the sender of the message and the receiver of the message. The sender of the message must be attentive of the climate of the message that has been composed. The receiver of the message must be open to message that’s being sent. Effective communication is crucial when sending a message and receiving a message.How a message is sent affects how the receiver comprehends the intended message. The purpose of message 1 which is listed as appendix A was to inform, to persuade, and to provoke me the receiver to take action. The sender of the message is Mrs. Smith a group sales specialist. The receiver in this message is I. The message is informing me of an upcoming event in which my wife, who owns a daycare center will possibly take her students. The message was also meant to persuade me to act quickly in purchasing tickets. There was not an environment because the message was sent via email.The technology that is being used for this particular message is email. There was no noise with this message internally or externally. The feedback was rather quick and in the form of a follow up question. The message and technology used to convey this message were appropriate give the environment and purpose. The content, media and technology of the feedback were appropriate as well for the purpose and audience. The purpose of message 2 which is listed as appendix B was to inform. The receiver of the message is Mrs. Smith a group sales specialist.The sender in this message is I. The message is me my responding to an email I received about an upcoming event in which my wife, who owns a daycare center will possibly take her students. There was not an environment because the message was sent via email. The technology that is being used for this particular message is email. The re was no noise with this message internally or externally. The feedback was rather quick and in the form of a response to a follow up question. The message and technology used to convey this message were appropriate give the environment and purpose.The content, media and technology of the feedback were appropriate as well for the purpose and audience. The purpose of message 3 which is listed as appendix C was to inform, to persuade, and to provoke me the receiver to take action. The receiver of the message is Mrs. Smith a group sales specialist. The sender in this message is I. The message is informing me of more detailed information of the upcoming event in which my wife, who owns a daycare center, will possibly take her students. The message was also meant to persuade me to act quickly in purchasing tickets.There was not an environment because the message was sent via email. The technology that is being used for this particular message is email. There was no noise with this messa ge internally or externally. There was not any feedback. The message and technology used to convey this message were appropriate give the environment and purpose. The content, media and technology of the feedback were appropriate as well for the purpose and audience. Messages can inform the receiver, be persuasive or provoke the receiver to take action.A message is a type of communication between two or more individuals that expresses the sender’s intended message. When a message is receive, the receiver of the message should completely understand the intended message and uncover the objective of the sender. Appendix A Messages 1 Mrs. Smith to me Show details Oct 19 Hello Tony! Disney on Ice presents Princess Wishes is coming to the Mississippi Coliseum in Jackson, MS from December 9-12, 2010. We have a school show scheduled for Friday, Dec. 10 at 10:30 a. m. and would like to offer your students the opportunity to see this beautiful performance.Enter a world of wishes with y our favorite Disney princesses in Disney on Ice presents Princess Wishes. Tinker Bell represents the magic of Disney, as she whisks you through a collection of enchanting and beloved Disney stories. Join Ariel as she yearns to explore the world above the waves. See Snow White find her one true love. Discover a whole new world with Jasmine. And, watch in wonder as the dreams of Cinderella, Belle, Aurora and Mulan all come true. Be sure to see this magical show where believing is just the beginning! I have attached a flyer for distribution to your staff and students at absolutely no cost to you.Simply distribute the information through e-mail or flyers and they contact me directly to order their tickets. Call now to ensure you, your staff and their families have the very best seats! I look forward to hearing from you soon! Mrs Smith Group Sales Specialist Feld Entertainment, Inc. 3012 US Hwy 301 N, Suite 700 Tampa, FL 33619 1-866-008-0000 x xx [email  protected] com Appendix B Messa ges 2 Joanne I would like to know when will be the last day for us to get the tickets at this price and can we buy all the ticket at one time.Please email me back and let me know. Tony Aron (Kidz First ECC) Appendix C Messages 3 Tony, The last day to order the discounted tickets will be one week before the show. The sooner you place the order, the better seats you will receive, though. Also, I recommend ordering all the tickets you need at one time because there is a single $5. 00 processing fee per order (not per ticket). If you have any more questions, please do not hesitate emailing me or you can call the toll free number on the flyer and speak with Bill, our specialist.

A Child Called “It”: One Child’s Courage to Survive

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Tatoo is good Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Tatoo is good - Essay Example The tattoos designs are not just restricted to anchors, skulls, and battleships but now, ways and designs have come under findings by the populace as a mean to express themselves. A tattoo that is profound into the skin is a perforate lesion, where needles come under the use to pierce into the skin of an individual and infusion of ink through that needle occurs to make some type of a design. Since the tattoos are deep-rooted into ones’ skin, this attribute of tattoos make them lifelong stay on the body. Initially, hands came under use in operating the practice of tattoo making and there was no mechanical way of doing it, but with the advancement in technology, the tattoo artist makes use of a machine (electric gadget) to make the tattoo. In some remote areas of the world, the practice of making tattoos is still manual. The tattoo making is not a new art, as it has been in practice from scores of generations across the globe. In some parts of the world despite of being popular, is it considered as a symbol of religious and divine dedication, awards or medals of gallantry, sexual attraction or expression of love, lucky or good luck charm, security, and as the marks of outsider, slaves and guilty. Different religions and cultures have different concepts, meaning, and impact of the tattoos and its symbols. In recent years, moreover people make tattoos to express their feeling to their loved ones, whether it be mother, father, siblings, children, or someone special. Even some individuals make tattoos for cosmetic, monument, and magical grounds to get themselves coupled or recognized with a particular social or ethnic group. Tattoo is not a new concept and has been in existence for more than five thousand years. Tattoo is an unintentional invention by a person who got a small injury, and rubbed that cut with the hands full of dirt with fire ashes. The mark stayed on a permanent basis, which came under notice after the healing of the injury. The history of tatt oos reveals the fact that tattoos has been in subsistence since the time of the civilization and has been present in many cultures around the world. Nevertheless, the modern history tells us that tattoos were most common amongst the military personnel in order to distinguish their identities in a particular group. Later on, it became in style amongst the common person (Diman, pp.121-150). People find tattoos, which is, making a symbol or picture on the body, as one of the artistic, unique, and innovative ways to broadcast everybody about the personality and their beliefs. People also use tattoos to express their harmony and shared/common views they have with another group, individual, or thoughts. Individuals even make tattoos in order to commemorate themselves with a significant and crucial incident or an event that is of high importance, value and meaningful for them due to the reason that a tattoo stays perpetually on their bodies. People often use tattoos as a symbol of articula tion and expression. They make tattoos in the form of images or symbols that represents their faith, trust, passion, and obsession. The individual emboss a tattoo on their body when they are confident enough to show their commitment it in front of the world. Few people even use tattoos as a tool to beautify their bodies. They consider their body as an unprinted picture, which with

Develop a framework to summarize the literature in enterprise Essay

Develop a framework to summarize the literature in enterprise architecture - Essay Example This paper introduces three essential domains of the enterprise architecture framework. The domains are: It is oblivious from this definition that Enterprise architecture is not just a group of the component architectures. The interrelationships amongst these architectures and their shared properties are crucial to the enterprise architecture. According to [1], the business architecture describes the basic organization and necessities of the business based on company plan and objectives. It is made of four building blocks business model, process architecture, information architecture and organizational architecture. The business model provides a high level view on the type of the business in terms of goods and services existing in the market, the business partners, the value chain, market channel is used and the combination of property and data for producing value add. The process architecture categorizes and describes all process of the company and their individual value adds. It is the key construction block of the company architecture. The progression architecture is classified in the key business process client relationship management, product life cycle management, supply chain management and the operation and support processes. The application architecture offers a general idea on all applications behind the process of the business with the structure blocks applications, entry and information organization policy, statistics repositories, and EAI Services. The infrastructure or technology architecture is made up of software, hardware and network communications essential for operations of all applications. Infrastructure building blocks are the foundation services, place of work services, storage and server system, and network. Work place services give for presentation and work with facts and for output back up at the work place. They are composed of mobile and permanent

Ethos,Logos, and Pathos Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Ethos,Logos, and Pathos - Essay Example When a person or many persons form confidence in the personality or character of a speaking person, it is called logos. This is a formation of a rhetorical triangle between these three concepts of ethos, logos and pathos, as they are interrelated. Due to the emotionalism of the character with relevant reasoning, his/her personality gains confidence from the side of audience on the basis of his/her presentation of a topic with ethos, pathos and logos. There are three kinds of appeals that a person can make while communicating to an audience. They are pathetical appeal, ethical appeal and logical appeal. Pathetical appeal is there when a person makes use of emotions to attract the audience towards his words and the person takes help of his and the audiences emotions for rousing the emotions in audience by his/her pathetical appeal. Ethical appeal is there when a person shares a common belief or what is accepted by all. Ethical appeal is done with the help of the moral authority of the speaker. The speaker of ethical appeal makes the audience to understand him/her because of the common concerns that are there between him/her and the audience. Logical appeal makes use of ethical and pathetic elements as well. A logical appeal is backed by reasoning and a person is able to gain the trust of the audience by means of his/her character. In a rhetorical triangle, the speaker should take help of pathetic, ethical and logical appeal in order to make his oration influential. Ethos, pathos and logos are interlinked to one another. Ethos can be regarded as a speaker as it is linked with speaking with reasoning; pathos can be regarded as the emotions that a person uses while delivering his/her message to a targeted audience and logos can be regarded as the message that is being delivered by ethos by the help of pathos. With logos, a confidence is developed among the public and the speaker. A triangle of speaker, emotions

Graduate reflection paper 1a Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Graduate reflection paper 1a - Essay Example In this way, they can enhance their own learning as well as enhance the development of their students. Different environments also help teachers learn about the needs of the adult learner and how they learn best. Another area that is important to understand is that of assessment, evaluation and the adaptation of materials for adult learners. Sometimes a teacher may run across some pertinent material in preparing for a class, that one wants to incorporate into the class. Sometimes the material can be adapted "as is," but most of the time, it must be adapted to fit the needs of the students and the teacher. The teacher must have developed the skills to easily integrate the information in order to be most effective. When students enter any type of training or educational pursuit, they bring with them a wealth of professional and personal experience. Some students are used to being in educational environments while others are the first from their families to enter college. There are many learning theories that assist in learning about teaching styles. Beginning theorists like B.F. Skinner and Ivan Pavlov through their behaviorism gave an understanding of how to help adult learners learn when they are struggling. As an example, many students may struggle with a concept at work that needs to be done efficiently. Using the behavior theories, this concept can be broken down into smaller parts. This is one way that a lesson could be adapted for more than one type of learner. The cognitive theories are important to teaching and learning because they rely on an individuals internal stimuli to measure performance. For the adult learner who is attempting to move forward with their lives, the concepts of motivation, self-direction, decision making, problem solving, and learning to think in positive frameworks, are very important. These theories encourage teachers to understand how students learn. A central group of

Compare and Contrast Michelangelo's David with Bernini's version Essay

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Trusts Law Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Trusts Law - Coursework Example The rest of his property, which includes the North Tawton, would go the Parish Council of Devon. This is to happen if only the wife is not alive otherwise the property should go to the parish council, but the interests that the property gains go to the wife. In his statement, Endacott said that the reason he made that decision is on the bases of providing some memorial to him and his family, which was useful. The basic law indicates that all trusts whether charitable or non charitable should have people who have the benefit of the property and thus its application. According to the law, I totally agree and arguing in accordance to the ruling by the court of appeal made through Lord Evershed, that there is a failure in trying to create a trust that is beneficial to a person1. There are exceptions to the statement and to the law that purpose trusts have no validity. It is rather obvious that prohibition does not apply to powers for the purpose, but it applies only to purpose trusts. Fr om the actual law, it is clear that when there is some level of surety that the person to settle the trust has the intentions to do so, and it is certain in relation to the estate as well as the purpose for the trust, then the trust may fail. According to the current law, there is no trust in the exercise that the court of appeal can control. ... In this case, there is consideration of trustees’ duties and rights towards the property by the court. Thus, there is consideration as whether the trustees’ can utilize the property without interference from other parties. This is in line to the ruling made by the court of appeal in the case of Morice v. the bishop of Durham. Where the court indicates it does not control the property in the case. The court of appeal also may take control of the trust to ensure that there is respect to the intentions of the settler. Where the settler is the initial owner of the property as seen in the case of Roxburgh in Re Astor, I agree to the statement further due to the current law clause on express trust. According to the court of appeal definition for express trust, there must be certainty, formality and the making of the trust must be constitutional. For the trust to be biding, the settler must have the ability to create trust, that is. The settler must own property and hold the p roperty he should be able to speak as well as show the intention to create the trust. The settler can then name the beneficiary as it is the requirement of the court for non-charity trusts. Thus, the trust cannot be binding if there are no beneficiaries as this is against the law for the creation of direct trusts3. The statement may not apply where the trust is discretional following a ruling by the court of appeal in the case of McPhail v. Doulton. Where the trust may have many beneficiaries rather than a few who the settler provides in his list of beneficiaries during the making of the trust, Furthermore, the trustee must be able to say for certain who the beneficiary is when

Annotated bibliography-Sheila Bibliography Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

-Sheila - Annotated Bibliography Example Although these authors have presented a detailed analysis on the subject, a knowledge gap can be witnessed in the book. The authors did not present steps for making efficient corporate strategy that drives towards sustainability. The principles of business sustainability are most relevant to the main topic i.e. DSS. The authors did not conduct any specific research on the subject; they presented the information by gathering data from past authors and through their own analysis of knowledge. The proceedings, ‘Intelligent Data Engineering and Automated Learning -- IDEAL 2014: 15th International Conference, Salamanca, Spain, September 10-12, 2014. Proceedings’ is edited by Corchado. It is the compilation of the IDEAL 2014, 15th International Conference that took place in Salamanca, Spain. In short, the proceedings of the conference have effectively highlighted the main aspects of the conference. In the proceedings, some of the most advanced and highly technological methods of data engineering are discussed. Springer, London, published it. Springer publishing is a world famous publishing company that has its franchise throughout the world. It publishes books, textbooks, journals, researches, etc. the editor of the proceedings has presented some simple yet highly advanced methods of data engineering and automated learning. For this reason, it is highly in relevance with the core topic i.e. DSS. Since, it is a conference proceeding therefore it is difficult to s ay whether there are some knowledge gaps in the book or not. The information provided in the proceedings however provides an in-depth analysis of the subject topic. The book, ‘GIS to support cost-effective decisions on renewable sources’ is written by  Gemelli, Mancini,  Diamantini, &  Longhi. As the name suggests, the book discusses some of the key elements regarding cost effectiveness and decision making on how to renew

The relationship between white men and black men in the USA during the 1930s Essay Example for Free

The relationship between white men and black men in the USA during the 1930s Essay This essay is about the novel Of Mice And Men and how it shows the relationship between white men and black men in the USA during the 1930s. The novel is set California and shows the life of itinerant workers and also give a great imagine of how Black men were treated. The novel Of mice and men by John Steinbeck creates a great picture of what black people were thought of, treated like and the general standard of how they lived back in USA, during the 1930s. The first time we see any of this, is at the start of the second chapter when the one and only black character in Steinbecks book is revealed. The one and only black character in this novel is named Crooks, and throughout the whole of the novel we are never sure if this his real name or a nickname; but we guess that it is a nickname as he also has a crooked back which causes him to be constantly lent over. Got a crooked back where a horse kick him. Crookss bad back could be just a coincidence and the only black man in the novel may have a crooked back for no apparent reason, but it also may be for a particular reason? By making Crooks have a crooked back which makes him continuously lent over and lower than the rest could be to show the way black people always had to look up at any white man and that they were at a very much lower social place then white men. But it could also be there to illustrate the heavy burden of white prejudice that black men had to cope with, I believe that he has a crooked back for a mix of both reasons. We also discover that even the nickname Crooks is not used regularly and that he is frequently being called either stable buck or nigger, this shows us that verbal racism is not frowned upon and is very often used in normal conversations between itinerant workers right the way through the novel. This is clearly shown when Candy is remembering a fight between Crooks and Smitty for George, The guys wouldnt let him use his feet, so the nigger got him. This use of offensive words by near enough everyone sometime throughout the novel, shows the utter disrespect and cruelness that white men had and showed towards black men during the 1930s. I think that the way that black men and women were talked by the white people to during the 1930s in the USA was pointless and if that the white men were to have put aside their grievances towards the black men and most probably also the other way around to, them both black and white men would of had a easier life. The novel also creates a crucial picture of what black men had to face other than verbal abuse from white men; a situation that accurs towards the start of the book that shows what black men had to endure is when we find out from Candy about the fight which Crooks had with Smitty. We learn that Crooks was invited into the bunk house one night around Christmas time and that that night Smitty went for him, the novel also doesnt give or imply an reason for this behaviour, except the obvious; because Crooks was black. They let the nigger come in that night. Little Skinner name of Smitty took after the nigger. Done pretty good, too. The way that Smitty treated Crooks that night shows how much fear and fright that white people gave towards the black people, and a lot of which was for no reason, just imagine if Crooks had done some thing to offend Smitty? Another time when we see that Crooks is the person who everyone takes out their frustration and anger on is when, we find out that the boss took out his anger on him when Lennie and George did turn up when they were supposed to, He sure was burned when you wasnt here this morning. Come right in when we was eatin breakfast and says, where the hell the new men? An he give the stable buck hell, too. This quote again shows that he is pick on by the white men. The first glimmer of hope that we get which may show that white men may of had some respect for black men is also again when Smitty picks a fight with crooks, and the other workers say to Smitty that because Crooks has a bad back he can not use his feet. The guys wouldnt let him use his feet, so the nigger got him. This act by the other workers may have shown that they respected Crooks enough to make it a fairer fight but, I feel that the only reason why the other workers said that Smitty couldnt use his feet were to make it a long, better fight. We also find out in this part of the chapter that Smitty was alleged to have said, He woulda killed the nigger. This shows that he extremely dislikes black men and wouldnt just stop at giving them a kick in but wanted to kill him. This maltreatment by the white men has a pretty obvious and inescapable effect on Crooks, as all of the way through the book Crooks keeps to himself and doesnt interact with many of the other itinerant worker unless totally necessary. Although the novel also gives the impression that Crooks likes his privacy and isolation, Crooks was a proud aloof, man. He kept his distance and demanded that others kept theirs. I think that this is just a layer of protection that he is putting on because he has be hurt by the white men and is scared of them, what they will do to him and also so he cant be hurt by the white men again. This point is shown best when the only white character in the book that freely goes into Crooks room and speaks to him, and he still has a large guard up and tries his hardest to make Lennie who was the white man leave the room. You aint wanted in my room. And again when Crooks says Well, go see your pup, then. Dont come into a place where you aint wanted. These quotes clearly show that Crooks doesnt want Lennie in the room, but this is only because of what has happened to him in the past and because of that he feels he cannot trust white men. I think this is wrong as it is noticeable that crooks wants to speak to Lennie but is to scared to, due to what the other white men have done to him in the past. This shouldnt be happening and if crooks wants to speak to Lennie he should be able to do it with out feeling scared. The novel also tells us that he is always left out and alone, and this is holey because of the white men disliking him. A quote that shows us how he is isolated, left out and disrespected Crooks is by the group is, when he is speaking to Lennie in his room and he says, I aint wanted in the bunk house, another quote which also sows this point is again when he is speaking to Lennie and he says, Cause Im black. They play cards in there, but I cant because Im black. They say I stink. This shows again that in the 1930s black men where on top of most peoples most hated lists and were treat badly by white men. A different way that the novel reveals to shows how black men where treated badly and with a lower status than the white men, is at the start of chapter four when John Steinbeck describes the room that crooks live in, Crooks the Negro stable buck, had his bunk in the harness room; a little shed that leaned of the wall of the barn. On one side of the little room there was a square four-paned window, and on the other, a narrow plank door leading into the barn. Crooks bunk was a long box filled with straw on which his blankets were flung. The reason why crooks lives alone in a small animal worthy bunkhouse was because the other white workers didnt want to share with him. The Description of the room also shows that he is not only made to sleep in a small room but also that his bed is merely a box filled will straw, this is more like what a animal should be sleeping on. As the description of his room become more in-depth we find out that the walls of his room was plastered in things like broken hames, knifes, needles and loads more and we also learn that he can read and has a selection of books above his bed. On the wall by the window there were pegs on which hung broken harness in process of being mended; strips of new leather; and under the window itself a little bench for leather-working tools, curves knifes and needles and balls of linen thread, and a small hand riveter. On pegs were also pieces of harness, a slit collar with the horsehair stuffing sticking out, a broken hame, and a trace chain with its leather covering split. It goes on to say about his books, And he had books, too. All of these things up on his wall show that he was a very skilled man and is very handy and is probably why he was hired, the fact that he is a blacksmith shows that he can mend and create saddles, create horseshoes and do everything a blacksmith can do. But all the other things on his walls; like the needles and threads show that he has many other talents and skills. But maybe the biggest detail, which this description shows us, is that he can read and this is something that many of the other workers probably couldnt. I think that the range of skills that Crooks possesses is not totally why the other white men treat him bad and leave him out, but these talents could make the other white men feel small and make them jealous and this could be a reason for not liking Crooks. The one of few times the novel shows Crooks getting treated with any respect from the white men, is when he goes to see slim at his bunk house because he was doing a job for him. The door opened quietly and the stable buck put in his head. Slim took his eyes from old candy. Huh? Oh! Hello, Crooks whats the matter? This is the first time in the book that Crooks is spoken to decently and with respect, this was a big surprise as it was the first time Crooks was spoken let alone nicely. Although Crooks has been disrespected enough to hate all white men he showed the respect that he got from slim back and calls him Mr Slim. The quote also helps to show us how Crooks keeps a watchful eye of where he goes and we can see that he want to stay out of the white mens way. We see when he goes to see Slim and he only pops his head around the door. John Steinbeck also gave a description of Crooks in this quote, a lean negro head, lined with pain, the eye patient this description portrays a black man that had suffered the pain and agony of racism. Another time, which Crooks is treated with even the slightest respect, is when he is speaking to Lennie. This is best shown when Lennie first enters Crookss room and makes a gesture towards Crooks. Lennie smiled helplessly in an attempt to make friends. Although in away Lennie is still a kid and therefore doesnt understand why Crooks is treated badly by the others, he is still white and Crooks automatically thinks that white people dont want to speak to him and he instinctively put up a front, and replies You got no right to come in my room. But under this front Crooks wants to speak and once he realises that Lennie in genuine they have a respectful conversation. From the novel we also find out that crooks had once played with other kids who were white, we find this out when Crooks is speaking to Lennie in his room. The white kid come to play at our place, an sometimes I went to play with them, and some of them was pretty nice. My ol man didnt like that. I never knew why till long later why he didnt like that. But I know now. This quote shows that kids either had very different views on other black people than adults or had no views at all. The quote also illustrates that the other kids treated him no different than they would another white kid and explains to us how his Dad didnt like him playing with the white kids, this was probably since he knew the pain and hurt than black men went through because of white men and knew that it would happen to his son when the white kids get older and learn to hate black people. The way that the kids show no shame when playing with each other shows that white and black men can mix and in a way the kids show up the adults by acting more mature. From the novel I can see clearly that racism is taught by society and realise that the white men dont hate black men because of personal grievances but because they have been taught to hate them.

HIV/AIDS: Stigma and discrimination

HIV/AIDS: Stigma and discrimination Stigma and discrimination face by people living with HIV/AIDS It has been defined by Roura et al., (2009) that the stigma associated with a precise kind of relationship between the behvaiours, perceptions and stereotypes is concerned with a deep sense of social deprivation. Despite the fact, that the concept of stigma is around 40 years old, it has been much researched on and is widely used to draw implications both in social and cultural contexts. All societies have imparted convictions and implications which help them translate encounters and conduct. Implanted inside that framework are the regulations based on which is to be demonized and who is definitely not. Despite the fact that these guidelines may contrast from society to society, shame is for the most part considered an adverse, moral or judgemental meaning of an individual or social circumstance, regularly joined with disparaging, disrespect, fault, and attribution of obligation regarding the condition. Disgrace is not just connected to persons with undesirable physical properties. A great many people are acutely mindful that persons with undesirable characteristics, whether physical, mental or passionate, are effectively and immediately defamed. In British society, a great many people will concur that individuals are obviously disparaged on the premise of their race, society, financial status, sex and age. Notwithstanding, the presence of disgrace can be more treacherous when connected to those with physical and dysfunctional behaviour, inability or physical impedances, or when connected with ugliness, indiscrimination, kid/grown-up ill-use, same-sex introduction, medication utilization/misuse and passing. Once derided, the individual is discriminated as a worthy part of society, subsequently the expression ruined personality stated by Pearson et al., (2009) to depict the division of the deprived individuals from ordinary parts of society. Once named as an other, the slandered individual is then subjected to separation, the activity emulating the cognitive met hodology of derision.   LO1: Characteristics of Quantitative and Qualitative research methods It has been stated that in the current era of Modern science there are multiple ways of thinking and identifying qualitative and quantitative research. The disagreement between qualitative examination methodologies and other research techniques is in inconsistency with the methodological aspects, as well as shows up in the opposition, in the epistemological field. This implies that the instruments, as well as in the focal methodologies describe the generation of information. I accept that the qualitative epistemology is focused around standards that have vital methodological outcomes. Alternately, quantitative outline addresses the numerical delineation of proof examined and information gathered. Logical information from qualitative exploration is not legitimized by the quantity of subjects examined, however by the nature of its outflow (Bernard Bernard, 2013). The quantity of subjects to study reacts to a quantitative paradigm, characterized essentially by the needs of the learning procedure found sometime during the examination in factual means. Singular statement of the subject in both the techniques gets centrality as the spot which may have at one point for the generation of thoughts by the analyst. The data passed on by a specific subject can be a critical minute for the generation of learning, without essentially must be rehashed in different subjects and information gathering techniques. Qualitative exploration offers numerous perspectives with quantitative examination morals. Along these lines, the moral issues are appropriate to science as a rule to both the examination plans. Clearly, knowing the multifaceted nature of morals and good logic, it is prescribed that an exchange that is expected to approach moral judgements of qualitative examination ought to be upheld by a few hypotheses. At the same time there are such a variety of hypotheses that a well meaning push to actualize large portions of them in the investigation of a particular examination can get to be inefficient. Especially on account of quantitative exploration, it is important to incorporate individuals with capacity and readiness of reflection and correspondence that they comprehend social qualities, needs and powerlessness, and the concerns of potential study subjects (Bernard Bernard, 2013). Leading qualitative exploration is similarly less immoderate than directing quantitative examination. Qualitative research likewise turns out to be viable when the exploration obliges unlimited measure of data. LO2: Is Research evidence appropriate to health and social care practice Since the first instances of AIDS were distinguished in 1981, HIVs have been disparaged. The examination confirmation existed on this point involves to the broad accessibility of information and databases. Cao et al., (2010) recommended that in social and medicinal services connection, the dread of AIDS spread over our country, HIVs being deprived from their occupations, ousted from their homes, denied restorative tend to, savagery and expelled from their own particular families. Additionally, HIV-positive kids have been denied admission to schools, games groups and clubs, and have encountered badgering from other youngsters and folks of other kids. This social derision of HIVs is not restricted to the United Kingdom, either. In different nations, HIVs have been beaten to death; disregarded by neighbours, managers and social insurance specialists; and even compared to rehearsing witchcraft. As a result of its relationship with the unthinkable subject of male-to-male sex and the trepidation of tainting, society has reacted to HIV/AIDS by disparaging persons to avoid them as much as possible. Is this belittling got from outsiders, as well as it can be gotten from the HIVs relatives, companions and health awareness experts too. It is interesting to note that during an era when HIVs need social backing like never before, they are rather subjected to the threatening vibe and dismissal connected with HIV-related disgrace. Radcliffe et al., (2010) characterized the expression Helps related shame as a term that alludes to preference, reducing, undermining, and segregation guided at individuals saw to have AIDS or HIV, and the people, gatherings, and groups with which they are related. This belittling can be showed in numerous diverse ways, frequently focused around the current generalizations of the society. In the United Kingdom, HIV-related disgrace showed through seclusion, dismissal, stereotyping, segregation and off and on again savagery. Social Factors of HIV-Related Stigma HIV/ AIDS confront shame on numerous distinctive levels. Medicinal diseases as of now can be a disgrace of their own, particularly focused around the reality of the condition. Since there is right now no cure for HIV/ AIDS, the condition is viewed as deadly, a term which strikes fear in the hearts of the vast majority. In an examination article on Supports and Stigma, Wagner et al., (2010) demonstrates that there are four particular qualities of HIV/AIDS that inspire disgrace from society, specifically: 1) apparent obligation of the PWHIV in getting the illness, 2) the unalterable or degenerative nature of the malady, 3) the way that it can be an infectious infection and 4) the promptly obvious indications of the sickness which show as the ailment advances. Rao et al., (2012) draw a qualification between instrumental AIDS disgrace (identifying with the transmittable and deadly nature of HIV) and typical AIDS shame. Instrumental AIDS shame is an after-effect of societys characteristic apprehension of the illness and the absence of instruction on infection transmission. LO3: Examining research evidence with consideration to validity and reliability In assessing studies, numerous methodological concerns do develop. Maybe, the most vital concerns are reliability and validity of the exploration procedure. Reliability appraisal of a study device is a centre segment of behavioural research and can be used effectively into immediate perceptions by deciding best conceivable levels of presentation. A few strategies have been utilized that can give reliability of the survey estimation routines, including test-retest, Pearson coefficient, Kendalls coefficient, odd-even, and the proportional structures strategy. Social approval systems are substantial to the degree that they gauge what they claim to quantify. It is basic that great inward and outer validity be expressed as a social approval method. In addition, the outside validity of the evaluation methodology can be evaluated and still is faulty (Ritchie et al., 2013). The measurements analysts accept they are measuring may have little connection to what is really being measured and tha t face validity is deficient as the sole paradigm for assessing the validity of appraisal gadgets. One approach to survey validity would be to have the social approval evaluation created or reassessed by a board of masters or judges who are not included straightforwardly in the examination. An alternate technique would be to have a social approval evaluation of the social acceptance instrument. Case in point, in the wake of reacting to a poll, raters would react to a second survey that let them know the reason for the first survey and requested that the rate how well they thought the inquiries surveyed the reason (Ritchie et al., 2013). Also, analysts need to be mindful of radiance impacts, inclinations to tolerance or seriousness, focal propensity reactions, and position or closeness predispositions of raters, which might misleadingly improve the reliability of estimation without enhancing reaction exactness or validity. LO4: Demonstrate knowledge of the relationship between research theory and health and social care practice Investigation demonstrates that social help whether perceived or genuine is especially paramount for females as they depend all the more on social connections contrasted with men in comparable circumstances. A few studies have recommended that apparent social backing is more vital than genuine backing. Social backing has been demonstrated to impact both well being conduct and well being conclusions. Further, social backing has been indicated to cradle the impact of natural stressors, in this way, minimizing antagonistic results of upsetting circumstances. There is an overall reported backwards relationship between social backing and misery among HIV-positive populaces. Albeit much is thought about HIV-related shame and HIV-divulgence, an audit of the writing uncovers an absence of understanding of how they influence misery. Consequently, the general objective of this study is to look at the connections between sorrow (a mental result of HIV illness) and HIV-related shame, exposure of HIV positive status, and social backing among African-American ladies with HIV infection. Cao et al., (2010) portrayed social backing as an indispensable asset that an individual must draw upon for survival. As a safety asset, social backing is hypothesized to have an immediate impact on both cognitive evaluation and adapting endeavours. Social backing can help more positive examinations of individual life circumstances and backing more powerful adapting. Social backing can serve to lessen instability and stress and give the individual a method for diversion, passionate help, sensitivity and sympathy, and accommodating data. Ritchie et al., (2013) further developed the idea of social help, expressing that there is an agreeable refinement between the number and sorts of social connections and the view of the estimation of such connections. The quantity of social connections is termed the informal community. The view of social connections is termed seen social backing. At long last, Ritchie et al., (2013) recommended that there are distinctive sorts of social backing, for example, passionate, instructive, or substantial, and the sort of help must additionally be considered notwithstanding the span of the informal community and the impression of the nature of help that is accessible. Cao et al., (2010) remarkable various studies that have demonstrated how social connections maintain wellbeing and on the other hand how low social help identifies with negative wellbeing results. Broad exploration has showed that social combination has significant physical and mental medical advantages for more established grown-ups. Whats more, social backing has been indicated to be identified with positive conclusions in individuals living with HIV and, all the more particularly, to gay men living with HIV. Actually, adults matured 50 years and more seasoned include in excess of 10% of the HIV-positive populace in the United Kingdom. This rate is most likely excessively low focused around the way that more established grown-ups are rarely tried for HIV. Not their doctors or the more established grown-ups themselves see that they are at danger for the sickness. This is further convoluted on the grounds that numerous manifestations of HIV can be camouflaged as results of maturing. Alongside ladies and minorities, more seasoned grown-ups are right now one of the quickest developing HIV-contaminated populaces. They are particularly defenceless against disease (by physical changes in the body with age and by disappointment to utilize proper insurance amid sex) and, when tainted, they are more averse to recognize the side effects, get tired and look for the help they require. LO5: Gather evidence from a variety of research sources, including charts, graphs and tables, from text and online sources Although, emotional distress serves as a motivator for help-seeking behavior, the fear of being stigmatized may cloud the person’s cognitive process of making the decision to seek help. As time is of the essence with HIV/ AIDS, this delay in seeking health or social services presents a real problem. HIV/AIDS cases are also on the rise in such marginalized groups as African-Americans, women and older adults. Therefore, in many cases, HIVs are already stigmatized prior to disclosure of their HIV-positive condition. They know all too well the results of being stigmatized and, therefore, may be even more unwilling to disclose their HIV-positive status. The HIV-related stigma, then, becomes a second or even third type of stigma that is forced upon them. In their study of HIV-related stigma received by African-American caregivers, Rudolph et al., (2010) stated that â€Å"social isolation stemming from HIV-related stigma may be exacerbated for women, for elderly people, and for people of colour†. Persons who get HIV through circumstances which were out of their control (i.e., blood transfusions, needle-sticks or mother-to-kid) are even subject to this kind of slander, particularly as their infection advances. Typical AIDS shame is a statement of the general publics negative state of mind connected with the transmission of HIV. Due to the way of HIV/ AIDS, it will in the end get to be important for the contaminated individual to look for restorative consideration, at any rate. The forceful enthusiastic impacts going with the ailment might likewise make the requirement for usage of social administrations.. As time is of the pith with HIV/ AIDS, this deferral in looking for well being or social administrations exhibits a genuine issue. To confound matters, more established grown-ups and some ethnic gatherings are now uncertain of western solution hones, human services associations and mental health administrations and, moreover, might not have equivalent access to these administ rations. Albeit one may think divulgence to administration suppliers may not act like incredible a danger of being criticized as exposure to family, companions or associates, it still has dangers. Conclusion Since, the situation of HIV/ AIDS, is inevitably vital for the HIV-positive individuals to look for restorative consideration, at any rate, the compelling passionate impacts going with the disease might likewise make the requirement for use of social administrations. To entangle matters, more established grown-ups and some ethnic gatherings are as of now uncertain of western medication hones, human services associations and mental health administrations and, moreover, might not have equivalent access to these administrations. Albeit one may think deprivation to administration suppliers may not act like incredible a danger of being derided as exposure to family, companions or associates, it still has dangers. Notwithstanding the hazard that the HIVs status may not be kept totally private, there is likewise the danger of being defamed by the very administration experts to whom the HIVs turns for help. Despite the fact that health awareness experts may not have any desire to confess to slandering HIVs, the examination has confirm that HIV-related shame keeps on being available among some of them (Wagner et al., 2010). Notwithstanding the solid impact HIV-related disgrace can have on the self, it is characteristic for individuals to oppose being disparaged, and in this way, the social shame of HIV/ AIDS may make unnecessary deterrents to get social and health awareness administrations. On the off chance that the HIVs urge to oppose defamation is stronger than their urge to look for help for themselves, they may evade usage of HIV-related administrations until such time that they cannot maintain a strategic distance from it any longer, maybe because of a hospitalization. References Bernard, H. R., Bernard, H. R. (2013).Social research methods: Qualitative and quantitative approaches. Sage. Cao, H., He, N., Jiang, Q., Yang, M., Liu, Z., Gao, M., Detels, R. (2010). Stigma against HIV-infected persons among migrant women living in Shanghai, China.AIDS Education and Prevention,22(5), 445. Pearson, C. R., Micek, M. A., Pfeiffer, J., Montoya, P., Matediane, E., Jonasse, T., Gloyd, S. S. (2009). One year after ART initiation: psychosocial factors associated with stigma among HIV-positive Mozambicans.AIDS and Behavior,13(6), 1189-1196. Radcliffe, J., Doty, N., Hawkins, L. A., Gaskins, C. S., Beidas, R., Rudy, B. J. (2010). Stigma and sexual health risk in HIV-positive African American young men who have sex with men.AIDS patient care and STDs,24(8), 493-499. Rao, D., Feldman, B. J., Fredericksen, R. J., Crane, P. K., Simoni, J. M., Kitahata, M. M., Crane, H. M. (2012). A structural equation model of HIV-related stigma, depressive symptoms, and medication adherence.AIDS and Behavior,16(3), 711-716. Ritchie, J., Lewis, J., Nicholls, C. M., Ormston, R. (Eds.). (2013).Qualitative research practice: A guide for social science students and researchers. Sage. Roura, M., Urassa, M., Busza, J., Mbata, D., Wringe, A., Zaba, B. (2009). Scaling up stigma? The effects of antiretroviral roll-out on stigma and HIV testing. Early evidence from rural Tanzania.Sexually transmitted infections,85(4), 308-312. Rudolph, A. E., Davis, W. W., Quan, V. M., Ha, T. V., Minh, N. L., Gregowski, A., Go, V. (2012). Perceptions of community-and family-level injection drug user (IDU)-and HIV-related stigma, disclosure decisions and experiences with layered stigma among HIV-positive IDUs in Vietnam.AIDS care,24(2), 239-244. Wagner, A. C., Hart, T. A., Mohammed, S., Ivanova, E., Wong, J., Loutfy, M. R. (2010). Correlates of HIV stigma in HIV-positive women.Archives of womens mental health,13(3), 207-214.

Therapeutic Horseback Riding and Children with Autism Developmental Dis

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a complex developmental disorder that affects a person’s social interaction and communication. This disorder is mainly characterized by having difficulty with social interaction, communication, and having restricted behaviors. Difficulty with social interaction means someone will struggle to communicate their feelings/emotions, understand how others feel or think, develop peer relationships, and understand nonverbal behaviors (eye gaze, facial expressions, etc). Difficulty with communication will vary among the individual. Some individuals will develop expressive language, while others will not. The speech of those that do develop expressive language will often be repetitive, rote, and lack meaning. They may struggle with turn taking in conversation and topic maintenance. Those individuals who do not develop expressive language typically do not use other modalities to communicate, like pointing or gestures. The last characteristic of the autistic spectrum disorder is having repetitive behaviors or activities. Typically children on the spectrum will play with their toys in an unusual manner, or may prefer only one toy, movie, or activity. Changes in daily schedule are hard for children on the spectrum to adapt to; usually these children like the same daily schedule. Bass, Duchowny, and Llabre (2009) state, â€Å"It is possible that animal-assisted activities provide a multisensory environment that will prove beneficial to children with profound social and communication deficits.† Macauley and Gutierrez (2004) state: Today, in the United States, people’s use of horses can be classified into two main categories: equine-assisted activities and equine-assisted therapy. Equine- assiste... ...tations of this study were the age range (6-8). Also, only looking at children with autism. Other children with motor and sensory function disorders might benefit from the same horseback-riding program. Works Cited Bass, M., Duchowny, C., & Llabre, M. (2009). The effect of therapeutic horseback riding on social functioning in children with autism. Journal Of Autism & Developmental Disorders, 39(9), 1261-1267. Macauley, B. L., & Gutierrez, K. M. (2004). The effectiveness of hippotherapy for children with language-learning disabilities. . Communication Disorders Quarterly, 25(4), 205-217. Wuang Y, Wang C, Huang M, Su C. The effectiveness of simulated developmental horse-riding program in children with autism. Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly [serial online]. April 2010;27(2):113-126. Available from: PsycINFO, Ipswich, MA. Accessed March 19, 2012

The Kate Moss Effect :: Beauty Media Modeling Self Esteem Essays

The Kate Moss Effect â€Å"Women, you know that crummy feeling you get after leafing through a fashion magazine chock full of models who, let’s face it, look way better than you? A new study, The Kate Moss Effect, suggests that it‘s not all in your head† (Jennifer Thomas, HealthScout). There have been so many times in my life, and I’m sure in other women’s lives as well, that I feel totally inadequate in comparison to, let’s say, a Victoria’s Secret Model. I just have one question: How is a woman ever supposed to feel good about herself when the only thing being consistently promoted is perfection? There have been many experiments done, in which doctors study the effects that the pressure to have a perfect body has on the average female. However, I am going to concentrate on the Kate Moss Effect for the simple reason, that of all the studies I looked at, The Kate Moss Effect seemed to be the most realistic, and straight forward. So let’s get back to that good old feeling of sifting through the many discouraging pages of a modern day fashion magazine. The Kate Moss Effect is a study based around the simple everyday activity of viewing a publication crammed with aptness. Basically, women were gathered to look at pages bubbling with models who were virtually flawless and their reactions to this exposure were then observed. To be exact, researchers divided 91 Caucasian women, ages 18 to 31into two groups. One group was shown advertisements for various everyday products such as nail polish, toothpaste, and gum. However, these ads featured rail thin females, the virtual living, breathing representation of faultlessness. The second group was shown ads for the same types of merchandise. Except the second group’s ads didn’t have people in them. â€Å"Researchers found that women who looked at advertisements featuring stereotypically thin and beautiful women showed more signs of depression and were more dissatisfied with their bodies after only one to three minutes of viewing the pictures. Depression levels registered a slight uptick, while self-esteem was unchanged† (Jennifer Thomas, Health Scout). Laurie Mintz, the lead author of the study and the associate professor of educational and counseling psychology at University of Missouri-Columbia said, â€Å"The women who registered the biggest drop in self image after viewing the

Can Noise Traders Survive

Discuss the implications of the paradox that although financial theory assumes that investors are rational in practive, few if any investors appear to approach investments decisions in a rational manner. Can Noise Traders Survive? 1. Introduction Noise Trader is a financial term introduced by Kyle (1985) and Black (1986). It refers to a stock trader who lacks access to inside information and makes irrational investment decisions (De Long et al. , 1990). Traditional financial theories are often based on the assumption that all the investors are rational.The burgeoning behavioral finance departs from classical financial theory by dropping this basic assumption (Carty, 2005). In recent years, there has been a growing interest in studying the behaviour and effects of noise traders. Friedman (1953) and Fama (1965) argue that noise traders are irrelevant because they will be driven out of market by rational investors who trade against them. On the contrary, Black (1986) argues that noise t raders can survive in the long run, and the entire financial market cannot function properly without noise traders.This essay will attempt to demonstrate that noise traders can make profits and survive in the long run, they can maintain a price impact and provide liquidity to the market. In order to demonstrate this, first, this essay will be specifically focusing on efficient-market hypothesis (EMH), which is a representative traditional financial theory based on rational investors assumption. Both empirical and theoretical evidence will be given in order to demonstrate the discrepancy between the rational investors assumption and real financial markets.Second, this essay will further explain how noise traders can survive in the long run, even sometimes earn higher expected returns than rational investors. Finally, it should be noted that noise trading is essential to financial market as its impact on asset pricing and benefits for market liquidity. 2. Illogicality of efficient-mar ket hypothesis Efficient-market hypothesis (EMH) assumes that financial markets are â€Å"informationally efficient† (Fama, 1965). All investors can make rational investment decisions based on full disclosure of information.Their argument against the importance of noise traders points out that if the price of an asset diverges from its fundamental value, rational arbitrageurs will buy the undervalued shares on one exchange while sell the same amount of overvalued shares on another exchange (Shleifer, 2000). The actions of rational arbitrageurs will drive the price back to its fundamental value. In the long run, therefore, noise traders will consistently lose money to rational arbitrageurs, thus eventually disappear from the market (De Long et al. , 1990).In order words, noise traders cannot survive in the financial market because their expected returns are negative. However, although efficient-market hypothesis is a cornerstone of modern financial theory, it is often disputed by investors and researchers both empirically and theoretically. The theoretical paradox of EMH and empirical evidence against EMH in real financial markets will be further explained by the following examples. The Grossman-Stiglitz paradox (Grossman and Stiglitz, 1980) testifies that financial market can not be â€Å"informationally efficient†.Grossman and Stiglitz argue that †because information is costly, prices cannot perfectly reflect the information which is available, since if it did, those who spent resources to obtain it would receive no compensation† (Grossman and Stiglitz, 1980, p. 405 ). If a market is informationally efficient, it means that all relevant information is reflected in market prices. Therefore there is no incentive to collect the information. However, if no one will pay to collect the information, the information then can not reflect in the prices.In summary, The Grossman-Stiglitz paradox contradicts efficient-market hypothesis, which mig ht prove that efficient-market is not the real feature of financial market. There are also other paradoxes that are seemingly impossible to explain according to efficient-market hypothesis. From the perspective of rational arbitrageurs, if noise traders are all eventually driven out of markets, there will be no price discrepancies for arbitrage. Thus the rational arbitrageurs will also disappear from the markets. In that case, how can the markets maintain a non-arbitrage equilibrium?From the perspective of noise traders, if noise traders are all driven out of markets, how do the markets generate the original noise traders? It seems clear that those two paradoxes serve as evidence of the existence of noise traders. Efficient-market hypothesis also states that it is impossible for investors to consistently out-perform the average market returns, or in other words, â€Å"beat the market†, because the market price is generally equal to or close to the fair value (Fama, 1965). It is impossible, therefore, for investors to earn higher returns through purchasing undervalued stocks.Investors can only increase their profits by trading riskier stocks (http://www. investopedia. com/). However, empirically speaking, there is a large quantity of real financial examples to support that stocks are not always traded at their fair value. On Monday October 19, 1987, the financial markets around the world fell by over 20%, shedding a huge value in a single day (Ahsan, 2012). It serves as example that market price can diverge significantly from its fair value. In addition, Warren Buffett has consistently beaten the market over a long period of time, which also contradicts efficient-market hypothesis (http://www. nvestopedia. com/). Thus, the two empirical examples above show that there is a huge discrepancy between real financial markets and efficient-market hypothesis rational investors assumption. However, how do noise traders survive from rational investors and arbitrag eurs? 3. Explanation of noise traders’ survival The DSSW model (De Long et. al. , 1990) further explains how noise traders can exist in the long run. The efficient-market hypothesis argues that if asset price diverges from its fair value by noise traders, rational arbitrageurs will trade against them hence push the price back to its fair value.However, it is far from the truth in real financial market. If noise traders are too optimistic about stock and have raised up the price of the stock from its fundamental value, an arbitrageur will bear huge risk selling the stock because noise traders optimistic beliefs will not change for a long time, thus the price will not return, or be pushed up even further by noise traders (De Long et. al. , 1990). The risk rational arbitrageurs bears trying to change noise traders’ opinions is named â€Å"noise trader risk†. Since rational arbitrageurs are risk-averse, the noise trader risk will limit their willingness to trade aga inst noise traders.De Long et. al (1990) argue that â€Å"the arbitrage does not eliminate the effects of noise because noise itself creates risk. † Therefore the noise traders can exist in the long run. De Long et. al (1990) also argue that noise traders may even earn higher expected returns than rational investors. If noise traders are over bullish about an asset and invest more, it means they bring additional noise trader risk into the asset, therefore rational arbitrageurs will find the asset less attractive because arbitrageurs are risk-averse investors.Noise traders, especially those overconfident investors, invest more in the risky asset than rational investors. Overconfident traders take on more risk and hence earn higher profits than their rational counterparts. De Long et. al (1990) say that â€Å"noise traders can earn higher expected returns solely by bearing more of the risk that they themselves create†. It is reasonable to conclude that noise traders can survive in the long tun and may even make more profits than rational investors. This may lead us to ask is there any significance of noise traders existing in financial markets? . Significance of noise traders The significance of noise traders can be divided into two parts, namely the benefits for market liquidity and the impact on asset prices. First, noise trader is the indispensable component of financial market. Black (1986) argues that if all investors are rational, there will be very little trading in individual assets. It means there is no incentives for investors to trade in the shares of an individual firm against those who share the same information and same beliefs on the stock.Traders will invest in mutual funds, or portfolios, or index futures instead of individual firms. However, individual shares are price foundations of mutual funds, portfolios and index futures (Black, 1986). Therefore, the entire financial market depends on liquidity in individual assets provided b y noise traders. Second, noise traders can maintain a large price impact. According to an empirical research on on Dow Jones Industrial Average and S&P500 returns, the price impact of rational sentiments is greater than that of irrational sentiments (Verma et al, 2008).Verma et al (2008) also argue that stock market returns have a immediate and positive response to noise trading. Therefore, it seems clear that noise trading is the essential ingredient in financial market since it is beneficial for market liquidity and it has huge price impact on stocks. Conclusion In conclusion, this essay has demonstrated that in spite of the basic model significance, traditional financial theory’s rational investors assumption is unrealistic. Noise traders can survive in the long run, and may even earn higher expected returns than rational investors.Noise trading is indispensable component of financial market, and has significant effects on asset pricing and benefits for market liquidity. T he financial market equilibrium is achieved by the coexist of noise traders and rational traders. However, the existing theories are not enough to fully explain every aspects of this extremely sophisticated financial system. There still remains a large number of puzzles and anomalies for us to further explore. 6. Reference Ahsan, M. , â€Å"Where Was the Invisible Hand during the Crash? † Economic Insights–Trends and Challenges, 2012, Vol. , pp. 44 – 52 Black. F. , â€Å"Noise. † The Journal of Finance, 1986, Vol. 3, pp. 529-543 Carty, C. M. , â€Å"Do Investors Make Rational Or Emotional Decisions? † Financial Advisor, 2005, May issue, see also http://financialadvisormagazine. com/component/content/article/1115. html? issue=56&magazineID=1&Itemid=73 De Long, J. B. , Shleifer, A. , Summers, L. , and Waldmann, R. â€Å"Noise Trader Risk in Financial Markets. † Journal of Political Economy, 1990(98) De Long, J. B. , Shleifer, A. , Summers, L. , and Waldmann, R. â€Å"The Survival of Noise Traders in Financial Markets. The Journal of Business, 1991, vol. 64 Fama, E. F. , â€Å"Random Walks in Stock Market Prices. † Financial Analysts Journal, 1965, Vol. 38, No. 1, pp. 34-105 Friedman, M. ,†The Case For Flexible Exchange Rates. † Essays in Positive Economics, 1953, Chicago: Chicago University Press Grossman, J. , Stiglitz, J. , â€Å"On the Impossibility of Informationally Efficient Markets†. American Economic Review, 1980, 70 (3): 393–408 Kyle, A. S. , â€Å"Continuous Auctions and Insider Trading. † Econometrica, 1985, vol. 53, pp. 1315-1336 Palomino, F. â€Å"Noise Trading in Small Markets†, Journal of Finance, 1996, vol. 51, No. 4, pp. 1537-1550 Shleifer, A. , La Porta, R. , Lopez-de-Silanes, F. , Vishny, R. , â€Å"Investor Protection and Corporate Governance. † Journal of Financial Economics, 2000(58), pp. 3-27 Verma, R. , Baklaci, H. , Soydemir. G. , â€Å"The impact of rational and irrational sentiments of individual and institutional investors on DJIA and S&P500 index returns. † Applied Financial Economics, 2008(18), pp. 1303–1317 â€Å"Efficient Market Hypothesis – EMH†, http://www. investopedia. com/terms/e/efficientmarkethypothesis. asp#axzz26ppseTGk

God is responsible for everything that happens

God is responsible for everything that happens in the universe – Discuss The idea of God being responsible for everything within the universe is disputed both within religion itself and outside of religion. The Bible assures that God has onmiqualities, which suggest that nothing happens outside of Gods control. But it also states that some things happen which are not part of God's will. If God is responsible, then why do we pray if God is in control of future events or have free will? In order to disagree with this statement, it could then God must be responsible or evil.However for many Christians, this is not the case, as God is not capable of evil. In the Bible, God is considered to be eternally or perfectly good and the source of all goodness. Because of this, God is neither capable of bad or tempted by evil. Due to God being omnibenevolent and perfectly good, God cannot be responsible for any bad which happens. Many would argue that if God is omnibenevolent, he wouldn't c ause pain or suffering, because an all loving God, to cause such evil contradicts the benevolent quality of God.However, it is often said that God causes suffering, such as the death of a loved one, in order to teach humanity a lesson. In this case it might be to make the deceased's family and friend value life and encourages us to live life to its full and not take living a happy and healthy life for granted. By causing evils such as natural disasters, God could be seen to be teaching humans to care for the vulnerable. Pain and suffering makes for better people, which could be seen as God's intention. Suggesting that God is responsible for everything hich happens, even evil, as the negatives only highlight the positives.Another argument against this statement is free will, given to man by God. It's impossible for God to be responsible for everything that humans do, if they employ free will. Free will implies that people make their own decisions, as to how to act. Therefore making t hemselves responsible for their own actions, instead of God. This however only makes God not responsible for humanitys actions and not animals, as they have not been given the freedom of choice, as they don't have the ability to reason.The creation stories in Genesis could be used in order to suggest that God is responsible for all that happens. This is because God is the ultimate creator. He is described as having created every aspect of the universe, including the land and sea. With regard to humans, in Genesis 2, God bring Adam into existence by breathing into his nostrils â€Å"breathed the breath of life into his nostrils†. By depicting God as the creator of the universe and everything in it, he is therefore responsible for everything in it.Just a tailor would be responsible for anything which might happen to the suit he made, with regards to its design, God is responsible for what happens to humanity and the universe as the creator. Against the idea of God been the crea tor of everything is that there are several things in the Bible, which have seemingly not been created. For example the darkness, which was chaos before the beginning of time. So to presume that God created everything, could be viewed as somewhat contradictory.The Devil is nother example ot something in the Bible which was not created. Theretore, it did not create everything, God cannot be responsible for everything that happens. In conclusion, for many Christians, it is reassuring to know that everything which has happened, has happened in God's will. And that therefore there's a reason for both good and bad to occur. But for others in disagreement, the argument of pain and suffering is one of the strongest in suggesting that God is not responsible for all that happens.

Beowulf Essay

English 1001 Beowulf Essay The element of religious tension is common in Anglo-Saxon writings, but a pagan story with a Christian narrator is unusual. â€Å"Much of the poem’s narrative intervention reveals that the poet’s culture was different from that of his ancestors† and also that of his characters (Watson). There are many different perceptions to the reasons why the author wrote Beowulf. The best answer, in my opinion, was that the author was creating a magical and intriguing story that had an underlying theme to it.Christianity was a newly introduced religion to the western Europeans at the time and I believe that someone would have written about it, or at least the conflicts that came with it. This is just a background in which time period the story was told, even more evidence to this interpretation is buried in the actual text. Though still an old pagan story, Beowulf was told by a Christian poet. People believe the epic Beowulf is a story full of pagan tradition. However, Beowulf is really a Christian-based story, in which Christianity prevails. Nature is accommodating; death and fate are controllable; man can reconcile with the world; and the main character, a hero and representative of good, triumphs over evil and does not fail in the end† (Perrello). The way the author incorporated many side notes, of what seemed to be other tales told at the time that may not have ever been saved like this one, was an amazing mystery for our present day historians to try and solve. The beginning of the story is where we find our first sign of Christianity, as the poem goes, â€Å"Afterward a boy-child was born to Shield, a cub in the yard, a comfort sent by God to that nation† (Beowulf 12-14).This child was a blessing for this tribe and was the uprising of their downfall and this is where we see that first conflict between the Heroic Code and Christianity. Complete polar opposites are the two, favoring blood- shed and vengeance, family, and praising the king who led them into battle. Christianity on the other hand is all about showing one another kindness and grace. There must have been confusion when these tribes were first introduced to this way of life. But the more and more these stories of God were told, people’s lives changed and they started to be moved.It’s the idea of God being the creator of the earth that we see next, â€Å"the clear song of a skilled poet telling with mastery of man’s beginnings, how the Almighty had made the earth a gleaming plain girdled with waters† (Beowulf 90-93). Aside from showing that God was creator of all earth, we find that repentance is taking place, â€Å"But blessed is he who after death can approach the Lord and find friendship in the Father’s embrace† (Beowulf 186-188). They were unfamiliar with the Lord and had their many other gods to go to, to seek help for different things.Then they started seeking help from the Lord, who in return gives them calm waters to safely travel back home and the people are extremely grateful and moved by his presence in their lives. In the end, there was a great purpose behind the composition of this difficult and complex storyline. It was in a time of life where everything was done the people’s way. They were reluctant at first when hearing about God but soon saw what he was capable of and ended up following him. Beowulf's claim to kingship is a matter of his military prowess as much as it is by birth.We also learn that what we consider virtues today were not considered at the time. Celibacy, or even monogamy was not of any interest to the Anglo Saxons. It was very acceptable for warriors to have relationships with multiple partners. Also, humility and modesty was seen as a flaw. Not only were heroes expected to be physically brave, strong, and victorious, they were expected to brag about it. A warrior was meant to succeed. Not only to win, but to triumph. The ideal was to have one's stories live on in epic poems, and the only way to assure that was to make sure people knew of one's deeds.It also suggests a bit of the Anglo-Saxon structure. The fact that â€Å"the main action occurs in the Mead Hall, and that people sleep there, shows the importance of this central building† (Bloom). The Beowulf that we read today is unlike the Beowulf with which the first Anglo-Saxon audiences were familiar. Beowulf can be considered â€Å"one of the most compelling stories in the English language†, and most certainly is considered the first English masterpiece to be written (Bloom). â€Å"Originally the Anglo-Saxon and Scandinavian invaders experienced a large-scale conversion to Christianity at the end of the sixth century† (Perrello).Beowulf is a hero, representing courage, concern for his own people as well as foreign people, and pride. However, this novel shows a lot of controversy. Beowulf is filled with Christian teachings, cu lture, and pagan tradition. The values of the Anglo-Saxons were mainly their faith and their success as a warrior. In Beowulf, warriors were expected to create a self-image of fame. Being a warrior required winning. You had to die an honorable death if you were the loser. Only the best warriors went to Valhalla. They always thought God was in control of fate and nobody can change it because all the decisions have been made.The values of the Anglo-Saxon people didn’t vary along a wide range. They all believed in the same thing, thought the same thing, honored the same people, and stood for who they were as people. â€Å"Nature is accommodating, and the forces of death are controllable. Fate is neither blind, nor random in its choice of victims; rather, fate is likewise dependent on certain criteria, such as the character of the person whom is experiencing fate† (Johnson 18). Their destiny was chosen for them by God and there was nothing they could do to change that.Beow ulf follows the virtues most important to the Anglo-Saxon culture being as their religion, militaristic nature, and values. Beowulf is also a prime example of an Anglo-Saxon literary work. â€Å"The Anglo-Saxon era was defined by a heroic code found in the people of that culture† (Johnson 19). This was exemplified through qualities such as bravery, honor, and strength. In Beowulf, the character of Beowulf depicts an Anglo-Saxon warrior traveling lands and fighting fierce monsters to glorify himself and achieve his ultimate goal of fame. Works Cited â€Å"Beowulf†. The Norton Anthology: English Literature.Ed. Stephen Greenblatt. 8th Ed. New York: Norton, 2006. 26-97. Print Bloom, Harold. â€Å"Background to Beowulf†. Bloom’s Literary Reference Online. Chelsea House Publishing, 2008. Web. 5 Feb. 2012. Johnson, David and Elaine Treharne, eds. Readings in Medieval Texts: Interpreting Old and Middle English Literature. NY: Oxford University Press, 2005. Perrel lo, Tony. â€Å"Religion in Beowulf†. Bloom’s Literary Reference Online. McClinton- Temple. 2011. Web. 5 Feb. 2012. Watson, Robert. â€Å"Beowulf†. Bloom’s Literary Reference Online. The Facts on File Conpanion to British Poetry, 2009. Web. 4 Feb. 2012 Beowulf Essay James Robinson 3/18/13 English 12 Beowulf Argument In the poem Beowulf it has been argued whether or not Beowulf shows pagan or Christian values or even both. however if one reads the poem and analysis closely you can see that Beowulf upholds both Christian and pagan values. The bravery and courage that Beowulf became so famous for shows his heroic and pagan values however he also shows Christian values by protecting and treating all of his people equally and by fighting the dragon alone and giving the gold to the people even if he did survive the final battle with the dragon.The dragon that Beowulf fights to the death at the end of the poem shows Beowulf's Christian values because Beowulf agrees to fight the dragon by himself as a selfish act of bravery and love for his people and men. Beowulf tell his men not to help him because he knows the danger he must face and he knows it could be his last battle and doesn't want to put any of his men in danger. In Ogilvy's Beowulf's Heroic de ath Ogilvy agrees that Beowulf fights the dragon alone â€Å"in sake of his men. Beowulf also tells his people not to bury the dragons treasure with him if he dies but to instead give it back to the people. This shows Beowulf compassion and kindness towards his people. If Beowulf only showed Pagan values then he would not have fought the dragon alone and he would have kept the treasure for himself to help better his glory and fame . However Beowulf also shows his pagan values because he boast about killing Grendel which a true Christian would not boast about killing anyone.Beowulf also shows Pagan values because he does his carries out his duty as king to protect the people even though it means his death which a true pagan hero would do. He also tells his men to divide the treasure between the people if he does not survive the battle between the dragon because Pagans believed in gift giving and gold sharing as part of their culture. In Goldsmith's The corruption of Beowulf goldsmit h agrees that Beowulf shows his pagan values of bravery, strength and duty as a king â€Å"his motives where arrogant elf-confidence, and if there is added to it a desire for gain, the hero's bold action is spiritually perilous. Overall this shows Beowulf Pagan values along with his Christian values and how there uphold. The overall understanding of Beowulf is that it could be argued either way of the Pagan and Christian values. However Beowulf really shows us both Pagan and Christian values you just have to analyze the reading for traits that show both the Pagan and Christian values of Beowulf.

Quality Television Program Essay

As the channels available on America’s cable programs exceed a thousand and as television becomes more readily available through mobile electronic devices, the criteria for what makes for a quality television program has certainly become more intricate and competitive. There are many different genres of television programs that appeal to a certain type of audience. As a huge fan of drama movies and television, I will be evaluating the recently new spin-off television show 90210 which is currently aired on CW. The American teen drama series revolves around a series of characters attending a fictional high school in Beverly Hills. The program seems to attempt to capture many of the same audiences that enjoy shows such as Gossip Girl and The Vampire Diaries which are also popular TV programs on CW. To evaluate and determine the quality level of 90210 I will be looking at a set of criteria that includes the appeal that the characters bring to the show, how realistic the show is, and a look at the development of plots throughout the last few seasons. To shed some light on the television program I will introduce some of the main characters that have been present in the four seasons the show has been airing. Lori Loughlin and Rob Hestes play Harry and Debbie Wilson as mother and father of daughter Annie Wilson and adopted son, Dixon Wilson. After a move from Kansas, the family of four enters season one as a new family to Beverly Hills and with Harry as the principal of Annie and Dixon’s new high school. Jessica Stroup plays Erin ‘Silver’ Silver who has a bipolar disorder and tends to hang out with some of the less popular of those at Beverly Hills High. Annalynne McCord plays the infamous Naomi Clark who is the most popular, gorgeous, untouchable girl available at her school. Then there is Michael Steger who plays Navid Shirazi who in the first season plays as role as Dixon’s quirky sidekick and then slowly falls into a leading role as he gets involved in a relationship with Jessica Lowndes who plays Adrianna Tate-Duncan. And it certainly would not be a teen drama without the good looking guy, Matt Lanter playing Liam Court who soon gets together with Annie Wilson. As far as criteria is concerned for evaluating the show’s characters I want to look at how engaging the characters are for the audience, how unique and identifiable they are, and what the relationships between the characters are like. After watching all four seasons of the show, they did a great job of picking actors/actresses that fit their different roles. With that said, each of the characters definitely has their own unique characteristics and personalities.

Analysis of B School Dress Code Essay

Objective – to know the preference of students regarding dress code in a B school Reason – there was a lot of debate relating to the dress code and hence we thought of picking this as the survey topic .Earlier 1st 2 days of the week students were compelled to wear formals which has been lately scrapped creating a lot of confusion in the college . Results of the survey A sample size of 30 comprising of students of Ibs was taken 1. Questions regarding which dress code would be ideal for a B school Formal -16 Casual – 3 Smart casual -9 Any -2 2.should formals be made compulsory in B schhol Yes -11 No-19 3.was the college right in restricting students from wearin capris and sleevless Yes 18 No 12 4.How’s do you rate the dressing of students in B school Good -13 Below average -4 Avg-11 V good – 2 5.Other comments 1. Strict actions should be taken against the students who don’t abide by the rules . 2.everyone has the right to wear whatever they feel they are comfortable with , and there shouldn’t be any compulsion and restriction . 3.no t-shirts with improper sayings or picture 4.students by self should pick on wearing formal clothing as this creates a corporate atmosphere 5.comfort is important where people have to sit forlong hours, so casual but decent clothings should be allowed. Conclusion – maximum students believe formal clothing is the right dress code for a B school , but they need no force for the same . 19 of 30 Students think wearing capris and sleeveless does not suit the b school arena .the current rating on the dressing of the students is a close tuff between good and average . From the comments we conclude that there is a close tiff but all believe indecent clothes should not be selected but comfort can be given preference.

Interview project Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Interview project - Coursework Example The interviewee was again asked five questions, and they were differently constructed from those asked from the preschool child. Questions were such that they required thoughtful answers than simple â€Å"yes† or â€Å"no†. Conclusion: Interviewee generally came up with interesting answers. The interviewee confused values with morals and ethic. He reckoned it ok to steal from government because he thought this is what government did itself. Education was deemed important and was seen as a healthy activity for brain. A friend in need was considered as the true friend. The interviewee revealed that he wanted to serve the community as a doctor. Middle School Interview: Introduction: The boy was asked five questions, some of which were exactly what the high school student was asked, while others were different. The boy was mediocre in studies. He willingly offered himself for the interview. Conclusion: The boy came up with short and prompt replies. He did not know what is r espect. Staying motivated and achievement of goals was to him, self discipline. He had a play station but he did not consider that very important. To him, good friend is one who can be trusted and be spent time with. He considered that his friends could keep secrets but refused to give much explanation for the same.

Developing Interdisciplinary curriculum materials Essay

Developing Interdisciplinary curriculum materials - Essay Example guage has resulted in efforts to expand and improve second language education, since knowing only English is as much a disadvantage as is knowing no English at all.2 This must be the basis upon which lessons are designed so that students are convinced of the need to learn a second language within the framework of rapid globalization. Gough has especially highlighted the importance of critical thinking skills in the new era of globalization : â€Å"If students are to function successfully in a highly technical society, then they must be equipped with life long learning and thinking skills necessary to acquire and process information in an ever changing world.†3 The Year level for this test that comprises a written and an oral component is Level 6 – year level of 9 or 10 and will also test cognitive thinking skills. These are group based tasks with three members in each group. The topic for this lesson is â€Å"Tourism and Culture†. Interdisciplinary links will be history, technology, science and environment. The students will see pictures of tourist spots in Sumatra, which will be shown to them through a series of power point slides. The slides will include shots of the volcanic crater, Lake Toba and the island that sits at its centre. Also included will be some slides of the beaches, and the tsunami destroyed area in the north province of Aceh. There are several wildlife reserves in Sumatra such as Bengkulu and Gedung Wani and the students will be shot pictures of tapir and other animals that may be viewed on safari in these parks. The slide show may consist of about 12 slides in total which will be shown three times with appropriate music and sound effects. This aspect will form the written part of the assignment. Once the slides have been viewed, the students will write a short essay listing the things that they have seen in the slide show. They will list the items and provide a brief description of what they have seen, while also relating it to the

Membrane Transport and Extreme cold tolerance Essay

Membrane Transport and Extreme cold tolerance - Essay Example There are different types of membranes like the plasma membrane. The plasma membrane serves the purpose of ensuring effective transportation of compounds like nutrients, ions and metabolism. The plasma membrane provides a wall or separation between extracellular and intracellular spaces and serves a critical and important function in exchange of materials. The membrane also serves as a detective by transmitting extracellular stimuli signals. The transmission of the signal is done by the proteins contained in the membrane. The membrane is made in a way in which it withstands stress stimuli from the extracellular space. For effectiveness of transportation of compounds, the membrane should adopt to all types of stress including hot, cold and warm climates. In case the membrane is not able to cope with the stimuli in the extracellular space, transportation of materials does not take place. The cells which adapt to the stress have proteomic properties which help the cell to adopt to any e xternal condition. For growth and living a health life the organism should have a membrane that can adopt any condition.Any membrane like the plasma membrane is made to adapt to abiotic stresses. The abiotic stresses restrict the growth, distribution and reproduction of an organism. The abiotic stresses include things like extreme cold temperature, light, drought, salt and physical pressure among others. The availability of the proteomics in a membrane has shown that organism is able to cope with extreme cold temperature.

The effect of Leadership in managing performance Essay

The effect of Leadership in managing performance - Essay Example e sustainable growth and development of the businesses, it is prudent for the organizations to remain extremely alert for all the changing environments. Also, it has to inculcate enough features of dynamism and flexibility so that the processes, both internal as well as external, are efficient as well as effective. This is truer for the ever growing industry of the United Arab Emirates. The environment of the UAE is one of the most dynamics industries as people from all across the globe have transaction with the market. To attain such desired status, one of the major areas upon which the organizations have to work is that of the leadership. The leadership should be strong and succinct. The leader should be able to lead from the front with exemplary performance so that the employees and team gets motivated and spirited. Leadership can be defined as the special traits of an individual that he or she posses and that helps him to motivate and induce his colleagues or subordinates to accomplish tasks (Northouse, â€Å"Leadership: Theory and Practice†). The leadership traits of an individual can take various forms, he can be task oriented or people oriented. A task oriented leader is more of a formal kind and views the task assigned to the team of the supreme importance and takes every measure to get it done. On the other hand, the people oriented leader is more of employee friendly and expects to get the best out of the team leveraging the personal relationship with the team. The management of the performance has been a recent and upcoming concept in the field of human resource management. As the competition within the industries are on constant rise, so it has become very important for the organizations of all types, small, mid – sized, large and even multi - national corporations to quantify the performance of the employees. Till very recently, the quantification of the performance was related only with the external jobs like marketing and sales. But standing